Today, this draconian act controls 36425 temples, 56 mathas or religious centers, 1,721 specific endowments and 189 trusts. This SPV named as "Chennai Metro Rail Limited" was incorporated on 3 December 2007 under the Companies Act. [170], Electronics manufacturing is a growing industry in Tamil Nadu, with many international companies like Nokia, Flex, Motorola, Sony-Ericsson, Foxconn, Samsung, Cisco, Moser Baer, Lenovo, Dell, Sanmina-SCI, Bosch, Texas Instruments having chosen Chennai as their South Asian manufacturing hub. Government of Tamil Nadu 2019. Puratchi Thalaivar Dr. M.G. The average polling percentage in the general elections across 38 Parliamentary constituencies that went for polls on April 18 stood at 71.87%, Chief … [44] She was drawn to war after her husband Muthu Vaduganatha Thevar (1750–1772), King of Sivaganga was murdered at Kalayar Kovil temple by British. The Other Backward Classes (OBCs) formed 68% of the state's population.The remaining population of 10.89% is forward community. Both of them are too strong in politics. Numismatic, archaeological and literary sources corroborate that the Sangam period lasted for about eight centuries, from 500 BCE to 300 CE. Cricket contests between local clubs, franchises and teams are popular in the state. The date of the celt was estimated at between 1500 BCE and 2000 BCE. According to the tradition, St. Thomas, one of the twelve apostles, landed in Malabar Coast in 52 CE. 181 alleged hate crimes reported between January and June 2019, the highest since September 2015. The first month in the Tamil calendar is Chittirai and the first day of this month in mid-April is celebrated as Tamil New Year. Neyveli Airport is being renovated since 2019[184] to start the service from mid 2020. [12] In Attirampakkam, archaeologists from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education excavated ancient stone tools which suggest that a humanlike population existed in the Tamil Nadu region somewhere around 1,000 years before homo sapiens arrived from Africa. A record 95.2 percent students have cleared the Tamil Nadu SSLC 2019 examination this year. [89], As per the religious census of 2011, Tamil Nadu had 87.58% Hindus, 6.12% Christians, 5.86% Muslims, 0.12% Jains and 0.3% following other religions or no religion. Administratively the state is divided into 38 districts. Some scholars believe that Jain philosophy entered South India in the sixth century BCE.The Tamil Jains are ancient natives of Tamil Nadu and belong to the Digambara sect. The Cholas went on to becoming a great power and built some of the most imposing religious structures in their lifetime and they also renovated temples and buildings of the Pallavas, acknowledging their common socio-religious and cultural heritage. With more than 79.8% population of Hindus in India, Hinduism has the largest number of followers in India. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. [126] Tamil cinema is one of the largest industries of film production in India. [196] It is presently adding the Koodankulam Nuclear Power Plant to its energy grid, which on completion would be the largest atomic power plant in the country with 2000MW installed capacity. It was a non-political party which demanded the establishment of an independent state called Dravida Nadu. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri Mountains, the Meghamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south. Vettuvan Koil, the unfinished temple is believed to have been built during the 8th century by Pandyas in Kalugumalai, a panchayat town in Thoothukudi district. In 1762, a tripartite treaty was signed between Thanjavur Maratha, Carnatic, and the British by which Thanjavur became a vassal of the Nawab of the Carnatic which eventually ceded to the British. Legislative powers are given to the Governor's council under the Indian Councils Act 1861 and 1909 Minto-Morley Reforms eventually led to the establishment of the Madras Legislative Council. In the state of Tamil Nadu, India the most widely professed religion is Hinduism, with significant Christian and Muslim minorities. The Vellore mutiny on 10 July 1806 was the first instance of a large-scale mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company, predating the Indian Rebellion of 1857 by half a century. In 2008, Tamil Nadu was India's fifth biggest producer of rice. [2] The major worship forms of Shiva temples are for Shiva, Parvathi, Ganesha and Muruga. In Tamil Nadu, the television industry is influenced by politics and majority of the channels are owned by politicians or people with political links. The state adds over 1.2 million people to its current population every year. DD Podhigai, Doordarshan's Tamil language regional channel was launched on 14 April 1993. The Cholas were prolific temple builders right from the times of the first medieval king Vijayalaya Chola. The total cultivated area in the state was 5.60 million hectares in 2009–10. [4][5], The sixty-three Nayanars and the twelve Azhwars are regarded as exponents of the bhakti tradition of Hinduism in South India as most of them came from the ancient Tamil region[6], The development of Hinduism grew up in the temples and mathas of medieval Tamil Nadu with self-conscious rejection of Jain practices. Tennis is also a popular sport in Tamil Nadu with notable international players including Ramesh Krishnan,[214] Ramanathan Krishnan,[214] Vijay Amritraj[215] and Mahesh Bhupathi. English is used as an additional official language for communication purposes. Subsequently, as the Vijayanagara Empire went into decline after the mid-16th century, many local rulers, called Nayaks, succeeded in gaining the trappings of independence. Due to increased population and for administrative purposes, there is an increase in demands for new districts: The state capital of Chennai, is the most populous city in the state with more than 8,900,000 residents, followed by Coimbatore, Madurai, Trichy and Salem, respectively. [13] The former North Arcot and South Arcot (now Tiruvannamalai, Vellore, Cuddalore and Villupuram Districts) districts have a large number of Jain temples, as well as a significant Jain population. All you need to know about Viluppuram, (Tamil Nadu) Election The Pudukkottai kingdom has the distinction of being the only princely state in Tamil Nadu, and only became part of the Indian union in 1948 after independence.[48]. Districts are further divided into 226 Taluks administrated by Tahsildars comprising 1127 Revenue blocks administrated by Revenue Inspector (RI). Tamil Nadu has a total railway track length of 5,952 km (3,698 mi) and there are 532 railway stations in the state. There were around 14.3 lakh Christians and 14.4 lakh Muslims in the State in 1951; their numbers in 2011 are 44.2 and 42.3 lakh, respectively. The gymnosperm diversity of the country is 64 species of which Tamil Nadu has four indigenous species and about 60 introduced species. Tamil Nadu also has golf ground in Coimbatore, The Coimbatore Golf Club is an 18-hole golf course located in Chettipalayam in Coimbatore, located within the city limits in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. [84][85] The life expectancy at birth for males is 65.2 years and for females it is 67.6 years. Pongal, also called Tamizhar Thirunaal (festival of Tamils) or Makara Sankranti elsewhere in India, a four-day harvest festival is one of the most widely celebrated festivals throughout Tamil Nadu. The 2019 elections in Tamil Nadu were a game changer in many ways. The state also accounts for 50 per cent of leather exports[164][165] from India, valued at around US$3.3 billion of the total US$6.5 billion from India. But as per voter rolls it is 20% in Muslim … [36] The Nayaks of Madurai and Nayaks of Thanjavur were the most prominent Nayaks of the 17th century. ANSWER: MINISTER OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT (SHRI RAMESH POKHRIYAL ‘NISHANK’) (a) : The percentage of students, out of those who appeared in the NEET (UG)-2019, from the State of Tamil Nadu and cleared this Examination, is 48.57. Namakkal is also one of the major centres of egg production in India. [112] The available literature from this period was categorised and compiled in the 10th century into two categories based roughly on chronology. When the sultanate was incorporated into the Mughal Empire in 1688, the northern part of current-day Tamil Nadu was administrated by the Nawab of the Carnatic, who had his seat in Arcot from 1715 onward. Around 1609, the Dutch established a settlement in Pulicat,[38] while the Danes had their establishment in Tharangambadi also known as Tranquebar. [79][80], At the 2011 India census, Tamil Nadu had a population of 72,147,030. Cities and towns are administered by Municipal corporations and Municipalities respectively. [17] About 60 per cent of the total epigraphical inscriptions found by the ASI in India are from Tamil Nadu, and most of these are in the Tamil language. After the fall of Kingdom of Mysore, the British Colonial rule during the modern period led to the emergence of Chennai, then known as Madras, as a metropolitan city. To the east is the Bay of Bengal and the state encircles the union territory of Puducherry. As per the 2011 Census of India, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.01 percent and 1.10 percent of Tamil Nadu's 72 million population. Ramachandran Central Railway Station is the gateway for trains towards the north whereas Chennai Egmore serves as the gateway for the south. The percentage of Hindus, which stood at 30 per cent in 1951, has now been reduced to just 1.5 per cent and Pakistan should explain where all of them had gone. [107] The earliest epigraphic records found on rock edicts and hero stones date from around the 3rd century BCE.[108][109]. In the history of Tamil Nadu, there is only 2 state party is playing a vital DMK (Kalaingar) and ADMK (Amma). Child population forms 10.51 percent of total rural population. This discriminatory act applies only to Hindu and Jain places of worship. Failure of the summer monsoons and administrative shortcomings of the Ryotwari system resulted in two severe famines in the Madras Presidency, the Great Famine of 1876–78 and the Indian famine of 1896–97. Oddanchatram is one of the major centres for vegetable supply in Tamil Nadu and is also known as the vegetable city of Tamil Nadu.Coimbatore is one of the major centres for poultry production.[156][157]. Total literates in rural areas were 24,502,195. According to the religious figures of 2011, there are about 86% Hindus, 6% Muslims, 6% Christians and 0.4% without any religion. Hinduism is the largest religion of Tamil Nadu. In 2001, literacy rate in Tamil Nadu stood at 73.45 percent of which male and female were 82.42 percent and 64.43 percent literate respectively. The Catholic Church and the Church of South India are the major denominations in the state, other denominations include the Evangelical Church of India, The Salvation Army, Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, the Apostolics, the Pentecostal, the Jacobite Syrian Christian Church and other denominations. The total number of Jains in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 89,265 which forms 0.12% of the total population of Tamil Nadu, including both Tamil Jains and Jains originating from North India that settled in Tamil Nadu. Nawabs of the Carnatic bestowed tax revenue collection rights on the East India Company for defeating the Kingdom of Mysore. [131], There are more than 30 television channels of various genres in Tamil. )* Sl.No. The British and French were competing to expand the trade in the northern parts of Tamil Nadu which also witnessed many battles like Battle of Wandiwash as part of the Seven Years' War. POPULATION DENSITY AND GROWTH OF TAMIL NADU: The population density of the state of Tamil Nadu is 555 persons per square kilometer. [149] Annual food grains production in the year 2007–08 was 10035,000 mt. Most early Tamil literary works are in verse form, with prose not becoming more common until later periods. The granite gopuram (tower) of Brihadisvara Temple, 1010 CE, Airavatesvara Temple built by Rajaraja Chola II in the 12th century CE, The pyramidal structure above the sanctum at Brihadisvara Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Brihadisvara Temple Entrance Gopurams at Thanjavur. [92] As of 2001 census Tamil is spoken as the first language by nearly 90 per cent of the state's population followed by Telugu (5.65%), Kannada (1.67%), Urdu (1.51%), Malayalam (0.89%).[4]. Tamil Nadu is divided in to four major divisions as per the ancient Tamil kings namely Pallava Nadu division, Chera Nadu division, Chola Nadu division and Pandya Nadu division and the four divisions are further subdivided into 38 districts, which are listed below. The centenary old Pamban Bridge over sea connecting Rameswaram in Pamban island to the mainland is an engineering marvel. Loco sheds are located at Erode, Arakkonam, Royapuram in Chennai and Tondaiyarpet in Chennai, Ponmalai (GOC) in Tiruchirappalli as Diesel Loco Shed. The Mayor Radhakrishnan Stadium in Chennai hosts international hockey events and is regarded by the International Hockey Federation as one of the best in the world for its infrastructure.[216]. They are associated to a main deity who is generally ascribed as Kuladeivam by various communities and castes as part of the tracing their generation through centuries. The icon links to further information about a selected place including its population structure (gender, urbanization, population group, literacy (a7+), activity status (a7+)). [2] The total number of Tamil Muslims according to the 2011 census is 4,229,479. A survey conducted by the industry body Assocham ranks Tamil Nadu top among Indian states with about 100 per cent gross enrolment ratio (GER) in primary and upper primary education. Tamil Nadu has four international airports, namely Chennai International Airport, Coimbatore International Airport, Tiruchirapalli International Airport and Madurai International Airport. The state accounted for 13.6 per cent of all accidents in the country with 66,238 accidents in 2013, 11.3 per cent of all road accident deaths and 15 per cent of all road-related injuries, according to data provided by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. Camaṇar wrote much Tamil literature, including the important Sangam literature, such as the Silappatikaram, the Manimekalai, the Nālaṭiyār and the Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi. The central and the south-central regions are arid plains and receive less rainfall than the other regions. One of the basic limitations for improvement in education in the state is the rate of absence of teachers in public schools, which at 21.4 per cent is significant. Percentage. Tamil Nadu has a well-developed rail network as part of Southern Railway. It is the fifth-largest state police force in India (as of 2015, total police force of TN is 1,11,448) and has the highest proportion of women police personnel in the country (total women police personnel of TN is 13,842 which is about 12.42%) to specifically handled violence against women in Tamil Nadu. [2], The total number of Sikhs in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 14,601 which forms 0.02% of the total population of Tamil Nadu. Religion : /2/ 8. The location was selected because of its nearness to the equator like the Sriharikota spaceport in the Satish Dhawan Space Centre.[186]. Tamil Nadu is served by an extensive road network, providing links between urban centres, agricultural market-places and rural areas. [119] TN (Tamil Nadu) Lok Sabha Elections 2019: Know all about Tamil Nadu General Election 2019 schedule, election dates, announcements, process, Tamil Nadu lok sabha election results. 30% of scholarship will be earmarked for girl students. [199] From a power surplus state in 2005–06, Tamil Nadu has become a state facing severe power shortage over the recent years due to lack of new power generation projects and delay in commercial power generation at Kudankulam Atomic Power Project. This was due to the fact that electric carbons were used for motion picture projectors. [94] The analysis of primary school education in the state by Pratham shows a low drop-off rate but the poor quality of state education compared to other states. Here we have A to Z information for you. The Tamil Nadu topper from the different-abled category was Karvanna Prabhu KK and he managed to get the fifth rank. The YMCA College of Physical Education at Nandanam in Chennai was established in 1920 and was the first college for physical education in Asia. According to Ministry of Tourism statistics, 4.68 million foreign (20.1% share of the country) and 333.5 million domestic tourists (23.3% share of the country) visited the state in 2015 making it the most visited state in India both domestic and foreign tourists. Tamil Nadu is mostly dependent on monsoon rains and thereby is prone to droughts when the monsoons fail. [95] The ATP Chennai Open tournament is held in Chennai every January. Later, South Indian Liberal Federation was adopted as its official name. Ennore Port handles all the coal and ore traffic in Tamil Nadu. [125] The term Kollywood is a blend of Kodambakkam and Hollywood. Tamil Nadu (TN) Election Results 2019 - Tamil Nadu Parliamenatry (Lok Sabha) Election Results 2019 - Get Live Online Results and updates on Tamil Nadu (TN) parliamentary election, party wise election results, list of CM, political parties, governors and cabinet ministers of Tamil Nadu. Details about the population of Kerala based on India Census 2011. Jallikattu, a bull-taming contest, marks the main event of this day. [147] The Cauvery delta region is known as the Rice Bowl of Tamil Nadu. [49] The revolt, which took place in Vellore, was brief, lasting one full day, but brutal as mutineers broke into the Vellore fort and killed or wounded 200 British troops, before they were subdued by reinforcements from nearby Arcot. Religion. [98] The Midday Meal Scheme programme in Tamil Nadu was first initiated by Kamaraj, then it was expanded by M G Ramachandran in 1983. Coffee and tea are the staple drinks. The western, southern, and the northwestern parts are hilly and rich in vegetation. Now, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Edappadi K Palaniswami has issued a notice, where he cancelled the relaxations and stated that the cinema halls will continue to function with 50 percent … The categories are: Pathinenmaelkanakku (The Major Eighteen Anthology Series) comprising Eṭṭuttokai (The Eight Anthologies) and the Pattupattu (Ten Idylls) and Pathinenkilkanakku (The Minor Eighteen Anthology Series). [153] Tamil Nadu Agricultural University with its seven colleges and thirty-two research stations spread over the entire state contributes to evolving new crop varieties and technologies and disseminating through various extension agencies. Modern-day Tamil Nadu was formed in 1956 after the reorganisation of states on linguistic lines. [3] It ranks 11th among all Indian states in human development index. Among states in India, Tamil Nadu is one of the leaders in livestock, poultry, and fisheries production. [65][66][67] The rural bodies include 31 district panchayats, 385 panchayat unions and 12,524 village panchayats.[68][69][70]. Common plant species include the state tree: palmyra palm, eucalyptus, rubber, cinchona, clumping bamboos (Bambusa arundinacea), common teak, Anogeissus latifolia, Indian laurel, grewia, and blooming trees like Indian labumusum, ardisia, and solanaceae. It has now been converted into a joint venture of the governments of India and of Tamil Nadu with equal equity holding. The Justice Party which was under E. V. Ramasamy was renamed Dravidar Kazhagam in 1944. [138], Thoothukudi is the place of origin of the Thoothukudi macaroon, Tirunelveli is known for its wheat Halva, Salem is renowned for its unique mangoes, Madurai is the place of origin of the milk dessert Jigarthanda while Palani is known for its Panchamirtham. Community wise tentative allotment for number of Fresh scholarship to Tamil Nadu for the year 2019-20 are given below:- Muslims Christians Sikhs Buddhists Jains TOTAL 9043 9447 31 24 191 18736 * There is no target for Renewal Scholarships. Who won and lost. During the 9th century, the Chola dynasty was once again revived by Vijayalaya Chola, who established Thanjavur as Chola's new capital by conquering central Tamil Nadu from Mutharaiyar and the Pandya king Varagunavarman II. Check reevaluation procedure, pass percentage and other details. Tamil Nadu has a wide range of biomes extending east from the South Western Ghats montane rain forests in the Western Ghats through the South Deccan Plateau dry deciduous forests and Deccan thorn scrub forests to tropical dry broadleaf forests and then to the beaches, estuaries, salt marshes, mangroves, seagrasses and coral reefs of the Bay of Bengal. There are 2,614 Hand Processing Units (25 per cent of total units in the country) and 985 Power Processing Units (40 per cent of total units in the country) in Tamil Nadu. Hinduism is the largest religion in Tamil Nadu. The Vijayanagara empire eventually conquered the entire Tamil country by c. 1370 and ruled for almost two centuries until its defeat in the Battle of Talikota in 1565 by a confederacy of Deccan sultanates. Jallikattu very similar to bullfighting in Spain, is a Hindu traditional event and … The total number of Hindus in Tamil Nadu as per 2011 Indian census is 63,188,168 which forms 87.58% of the total population of Tamil Nadu. As per the 2011 Census of India, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.01 percent and 1.10 percent of Tamil Nadu's 72 million population. The recent excavations in Alagankulam archaeological site suggests that Alagankulam is one of the important trade centres or port cities of the Sangam Era. One of the earliest regional parties, the South Indian Welfare Association, a forerunner to Dravidian parties in Tamil Nadu, was started in 1916. (With inputs from News 18) Arakkonam is one of the constituencies in 39-seat Tamil Nadu. C. N. Annadurai left the party Dravida Kazhagam to form the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola built temples such as the Brihadeshvara Temple of Thanjavur and Brihadeshvara Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Airavatesvara Temple of Darasuram and the Sarabeswara (Shiva) Temple, also called the Kampahareswarar Temple at Thirubhuvanam, the last two temples being located near Kumbakonam. This is nearly 2.5 times higher than the density of all-India road network. The dip in domestic tourist inflow comes despite Tamil Nadu adding 11 crore tourists who visited the state in 2019 vis-a-vis 2018. [55] Tamil Nadu is divided into seven agro-climatic zones: northeast, northwest, west, southern, high rainfall, high altitude hilly, and Kaveri Delta (the most fertile agricultural zone). These are the earliest specimen of Dravidian temples under the Cholas. People from all the corners of the country come to Kumbakonam for the festival. They reconstructed some of the well-known temples in Tamil Nadu such as the Meenakshi Temple. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats meet at the Nilgiri Hills. Phase 2 Voting Election 2019 Polling Percentage LIVE Updates: Tamil Nadu and Karnataka voting live updates for Lok Sabha Elections 2019. [2] Some Sikhs have migrated mainly to the southern districts of Tamil Nadu for agriculture and business purposes. The World Bank is currently assisting the state in reducing poverty, high drop-out and low completion of secondary schools continue to hinder the quality of training in the population. Muslim Population in Tamil Nadu is 42.29 Lakhs (5.86 percent) of total 7.21 Crore. [7], Christianity is the second largest religion in the state. In Tamil Nadu, 3,911,302 children (0-6) live in rural areas. 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State bordering Kerala in the state 's population lives in urban areas the Times the... And Madurai International Airport and Vellore Airport are the best examples of Pandyan Temple.!: Know Election Results for viluppuram the governing body of Hockey in the state, next to Chennai [... Baskaran was the Indian Green Revolution '' was from Tamil Nadu has centers of worship for a multitude of.., Mukurthi national Park and Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve are the most prominent Nayaks of the S & P 500! Connecting Rameswaram in Pamban island to the Sunni denomination although a small Shia minority does....: as it happened Scheduled Castes constitute 20.01 % of Tamilnadu 's million...